[Dissonance] Fischer et al. (2008)

[dissonance at psychologie-sociale.org]

_Référence complète :_
Fischer, P., Schulz-Hardt, S., & Frey, D. (2008) Selective Exposure and 
Information Quantity: How Different Information Quantities Moderate 
Decision Makers' Preference for Consistent and Inconsistent Information. 
/Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94 /(2), 231-244.

_Résumé :_
Empirical evidence on selective exposure to information after decisions 
is contradictory: Whereas many studies have found a preference for 
information that is consistent with one's prior decision, some have 
found a preference for inconsistent information. The authors propose 
that different available information quantities moderate these 
contradictory findings. Four studies confirmed this expectation. When 
confronted with 10 pieces of information, decision makers systematically 
preferred decision-consistent information, whereas when confronted with 
only 2 pieces of information, they strongly preferred 
decision-inconsistent information (Study 1). This effect was not due to 
differences in processing complexity (Study 2) or dissonance processes 
(Study 3) but could be traced back to different salient selection 
criteria: When confronted with 2 pieces of information, the salient 
selection criterion was information direction (consistent vs. 
inconsistent), which caused a preference for inconsistent information. 
In contrast, when confronted with more than 2 pieces of information, the 
salient selection criterion was expected information quality, which 
caused a preference for consistent information (Study 4).

_Mots-clés :_
information seeking; selective exposure; information quantity; selection 
criterion; information direction


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