[Dissonance] Egan et al. (2007)

[dissonance at psychologie-sociale.org]

_Référence complète :_
Egan, L. C., Santos, L. R., & Bloom, P. (2007). The origins of cognitive 
dissonance: Evidence from children and monkeys. /Psychological Science, 
18/(11), 978-983.

_Résumé :_
In a study exploring the origins of cognitive dissonance, preschoolers 
and capuchins were given a choice between two equally preferred 
alternatives (two different stickers and two differently colored M&M's®, 
respectively). On the basis of previous research with adults, this 
choice was thought to cause dissonance because it conflicted with 
subjects' belief that the two options were equally valuable. We 
therefore expected subjects to change their attitude toward the unchosen 
alternative, deeming it less valuable. We then presented subjects with a 
choice between the unchosen option and an option that was originally as 
attractive as both options in the first choice. Both groups preferred 
the novel over the unchosen option in this experimental condition, but 
not in a control condition in which they did not take part in the first 
decision. These results provide the first evidence of decision 
rationalization in children and nonhuman primates. They suggest that the 
mechanisms underlying cognitive-dissonance reduction in human adults may 
have originated both developmentally and evolutionarily earlier than 
previously thought.

_Mots-clés :_
cognitive dissonance; capuchins; preschoolers; choice behavior; decision 
rationalization
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